All internal parasites, over a period may drain an animal’s natural defences, leaving it susceptible to infections and diseases. All are likely to cause loss of appetite and lethargy, poor condition and many secondary health problems. Tapeworms leave visible, light-colour segments that look like rice grains. When infestation is significant they can be seen in stools, around sleeping areas, under the animal’s tail, or near its anus. Roundworms look like spaghetti; they are light yellow, two to four inches long, have slightly pointed ends, and can be seen in stools or vomit. Hookworms are almost invisible to the naked eye, but can cause diarrhoea (often with blood present), cramps, pale gums and lips, a dry coat, a slight cough, and noticeable weight loss. Whipworms cause symptoms similar to those caused by hookworms, as well as possible inflammation of the colon. Heartworms block an animal’s arteries, causing tiredness, listlessness, a poor coat, weight loss, and constant panting and coughing. Worms normally not seen but only with infestation is marked.

Coccidia are protozoa infection, mostly causing diarrhoea, emaciation, Toxoplasmosis is a parasite that afflicts mostly cats but can also affect dogs. It frequently presents no symptoms at all in cats and cane cause variable symptoms in dogs such as neurological problems. Giardia and Trichomonas are intestinal parasites causing diarrhoea and loos of condition.

An infestation of internal parasites is a debilitating condition that should be dealt with by a veterinarian. Preventive medications for all worms such as Drontal, Panacur, and Advocate are available. Treatment with medications like Panacur would be affective for the treatment and prevention of most worms, Trichomonas and Giardia. Pets that are affected with protozoa infection such as Coccidiosis ot Toxoplasma should be treatment by a veterinarian.